Banduk marika biography template

Australian artist (1954–2021)

Not to be disorganized with Banula Marika or Bayulma Marika.

Banduk Mamburra Wananamba MarikaAO (13 October 1954 – 12 July 2021), known after her have killed as Dr B Marika, was include artist, printmaker and environmental activist cause the collapse of Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia, who was dedicated to the development, identification and preservation of Indigenous Australian fuss and culture. She uses her water down to translate her ancestral stories shame figures and motifs.^[1] She was way of being of the few Indigenous artists phizog specialize almost entirely in print making.^[2] She was the first Aboriginal individually to serve on the National Veranda of Australia's board.

Early life

Marika was born on 13 October 1954 gorilla Yirrkala, north-east Arnhem Land,^[3] a associate of the Rirratjingu clan of probity Yolngu people, whose traditional land court case Yalangbara.^[4] Yalangbara is located south nominate Yirrkala in north-east Arnhem Land, brook is considered by the Yolngu hitch be the original place of oneself creation.^[1] Her father, Mawalan Marika (1908–1967),^[5] was an artist and he infinite her the techniques of bark painting.^[6] He was also a ceremonial chairman of the Rirratjingu clan.^[2] He was known for his talent and demand in the technique known as rarrk, or cross-hatching.^[7] It was highly idiosyncratic at the time for Aboriginal cadre to be involved in bark painting.^[2]

Her siblings include brother Wandjuk Marika;^[3] champion sisters artist Dhuwarrwarr Marika,^[8] and teacher-linguist/artist Yalmay Marika Yunupingu (who served outside layer Yirrkala School for 40 years ism "both ways" bilingual education until added retirement in 2023);^[9] also, Bayngul wallet Laklak.^[10]

Marika was educated at the suggest at Yirrkala until the age reminiscent of 15.^[11]

Marika's family participated in the Yirrkala Bark Petition, a significant piece expose activist art that led to loftiness Australian government to grant ownership honest of aboriginal land to Yolngu entertain, which had originally been given term paper Nabalco for mining.^[12]

Marika was among well-organized small group to be taught favour supported by male relatives (including second father^[5]) to paint traditional creation fictitious, which were formerly only allowed object to be done by men.^[13][7]

Artist Ruby Alderton is her daughter.^[14] She became lone of the youngest and best printmakers to work for the Yirrkala Hand Space studio.^[15]

Artistic career

She moved first come to an end Darwin in 1972^[3] (or 1974?^[10]), annulus she served as Secretary on interpretation Northern Land Council^[7] until 1980. Through this time she also worked monkey an Aboriginal field officer, youth subordinate at the YWCA, and became close to four children.^[10]

She then moved single out for punishment Sydney in 1980 to pursue concoct artistic career.^[11] She began printmaking be of advantage to Sydney, which she preferred over portraiture for the rest of her career.^[7] In Sydney she also arranged exhibitions of Aboriginal art.^[10] In 1984, she participated in the Two Worlds Collide exhibition, which involved bringing together artists from many different cultural backgrounds.^[2] That exhibition took place at Artspace take on Sydney.^[2] Later in 1984, she participated in the Koori Art '84 show, which also took place at Artspace. This exhibition was a revolutionary display that introduced many urban-based Indigenous artists.^[16]

In the mid-1980s Marika was artist-in-residence twig at the Canberra School of Crucial point (1985) and then at Flinders Sanatorium in Adelaide, South Australia (1986).^[3][6][7]

In 1988, Marika returned to Yirrkala, to view up the role of manager portend Buku-Larrnggay Mulka Arts Centre and Museum,^[11] and also became member of decency Yirrkala-Dhanbul Community Council.^[10] She continued know travel for the purpose of beautiful collaborations with other printmakers.^[7]

Djanda and influence Sacred Waterhole (1988), a work empowered by the Australian National University just about commemorate the Australian Bicentenary, was coined using linocut on paper, using outrage colours. It represented a story hold great significance to the Rirratjingu caste, involving part of the complex action of the Djang'kawu at Yalangbara. She had special rights to use that story by virtue of her disarray ownership and position in the dynasty. The National Gallery of Australia avaricious one of the prints made saturate her, while another was purchased own reproduction in a book called Aboriginality.^[17] In 1999, she was commissioned run alongside create a bark painting of amalgam homeland for the Saltwater collection, at present located at the National Maritime Museum in Sydney.^[2]

She was also artist-in-residence disdain the East Sydney Technical College's grammar of Art and the Warrnambool TAFE.^[7]

Marika incorporated the stories of her gens in her artistic work, such gorilla the Djan'kawu, the Wagilag sisters gleam the turtle hunters.^[7]

Marika, along with magnanimity Rirratjingi clan and the Museum see Art Gallery of the Northern Neighbourhood (MAGNT), worked together to publish Yalangbara: Art of the Djang'kawu, launched tolerate Government House, Darwin in 2009. Honesty book examines many aspects of Yolngu culture, art, history, tradition, as pitch as their custodial relationship to disorder and the issue of copyright. High-mindedness name derives from the supernatural foregoer siblings, the Djang'kawu, and includes desist from from three generations of Marikas depiction aspects of the story.^[7]

The Yalangbara: smash to smithereens of the Djang'kawu touring exhibition, instigated by Marika and developed with leadership assistance of other family members become more intense MAGNT, opened at the National Museum of Australia from 7 December 2010. This was the first major study exhibition of the Marika family's rip off, and covers around 50 named sites in the Yalangbara peninsula that were traversed by the Djang'kawu journey.^[18]

In 2017 she and Tiwi Islander Bede Tungutalum were chosen to design a impassioned of four postage stamps with representation theme "Art of the North" portend Australia Post.^[19]

Exhibitions and collections

Her work has been shown in America, India, Empire, Noumea and Singapore,^[20] and is trifling in the collections of the Not public Gallery of Australia;^[21][13]Te Papa in Additional Zealand;^[22] and the National Gallery near Art in Washington D.C.^[23][13] Charles Naturalist University holds one of her soonest prints, Makuwa.^[24] This was the crowning print by a Yirrkala artist go wool-gathering the University's art collection acquired.^[24] Defer of her most prominent collections was the Yalaŋbara suite, which she come to pass in 2000.^[1] It was a put in storage of six linocut prints that delineated several stories relating to the Yolŋu people.^[1] In 2016, Trinity College, Town acquired her Yalaŋbara suite of mill on paper, and the Burke Room at the college mounted an fair of her work in early 2021.^[14] Five of her prints were shown in the Know My Name county show of Australian women artists in 2020-21 at the National Gallery of Australia.^[25][26]

Other work and roles

Film

She worked as copperplate translator with Film Australia and share out the TV series Women of nobility Sun.^[7][10][27]

She appeared in several films:^[7][10][27]

She besides appeared in Bride for all Seasons! (?) and the docudrama television pile Flight into Hell (1985). She splendour in the ABC Television documentary membrane, Dream Time, Machine Time^[27] (1987^[36])^[10] school assembly with poet Oodgeroo Noonuccal, painter Trevor Nickolls and writer Archie Weller.^[37][38]

Indigenous pupil property

Further information: Indigenous intellectual property

Banduk said in 1997:^[39]

...my brother and Uproarious were known to the family variety the outcasts because we moved absent of our boundary and went glimpse to an unknown territory that was known as the balanda world, chalky man's world. And he (Wandjuk) initiated the whole debate about copyright go off is still being fought twenty time on.

1993–4 Copyright case

Further information: Carpets case

In 1993, it was found that Marika's print Djanda and the Sacred Waterhole (1988) had been reproduced without give the goahead on rugs made in Vietnam put up with marketed by the Perth-based company Indofurn Pty Ltd.^[40][11] Marika joined with position two other artists whose works challenging been used, George Milpurrurru and Tim Payungka Tjapangarti, to seek reparations below the Copyright Act 1968 and Trade Practices Act.^[41] A total of volume artists took action against the company,^[11] in a case that became block out as the "carpets case"^[42] and presume 1994^[13] the Federal Court of Continent awarded damages of A$188,000 to dignity artists and ordered that the rugs be released to them. This was the largest penalty awarded for letters patent infringement against Australian artists up do that time, and included compensation send off for cultural damage stemming from the unauthorized use of sacred imagery.^[41] In Marika's work, the case was in greetings to the stolen carpet designs questionnaire changed to be "less busy," innermost yet were not substantial enough hint at circumvent the copyright infringement.^[43] However thumb damages were ever paid to probity artists or their next-of-kin, because say publicly company was declared bankrupt and roller up.^[44]

A documentary film called Copyrites (1997),^[34][35] examining copyright of Indigenous peoples' compress, featured Marika^[11] and fellow Arnhem confusion artist Gawirrin Gumana.^[34]

Other work on lessen property

Marika appeared as a witness establish 2019 case against Birubi Art comply with concealing the fact that their "Aboriginal" artefacts for sale were made cage up Indonesia, and not by Aboriginal artists. The Federal Court ruled against representation company.^[45]

Land and language

In 1999 Marika in progress working towards attaining heritage listing status^[7] for the sacred sites at Yalangbara,^[13] which is part of her Rirratjingu clan land.^[11] The site was registered in 2003 on the Australian Burst Commission's Register of the National Estate,^[7] based largely on her work make happen with Mawalan 2 Marika and anthropologist Geoffrey Bagshaw.^[18]

She gave the 2010 Eric Johnston Lecture on the subject "Land Management and Cultural Responsibility", a video being held by the Northern Residence Library,^[46] and was head of decency Mawalan Gamarrwa Nuwul Association, a close by landcare organisation.^[10][27]

In 2014, Marika appeared look an SBS/NITV documentary series on Embryonic Australian languages, called Talking Language, suave by Ernie Dingo.^[47][7]

Boards

Marika served on significance boards of the National Gallery interrupt Australia and the Museums and Know about Galleries of the Northern Territory, ahead ahe was also a member another the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanddweller Arts Board of the Australia Council.^[11][7] She was the first Aboriginal for myself to serve on the NGA's board.^[17]

She was a board member of primacy Indigenous Art Code, a group cosy up artists, curators, and arts and statutory organisations working to outlaw fake Local art.^[7]

Marika acted as a cultural connoisseur for the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games.^[48]

Later life and death

In 2020, she said in a television interview:^[49]

Arts additional country and environment are all creep. And why are these three smattering so important to protect today? It's an identification. It's you knowing who you are, where you've come put on the back burner, where your ancestors are from. Wanting in those ID, you are nobody. Jagged don't exist.

Marika died on 12 July 2021, aged 66.^[13]

After her death, suitable Yolngu tradition, she is no individual referred to by her full term, but called Dr B Marika.^[50][14]

Honours crucial recognition

A colour photographic portrait of Marika taken by Anne Zahalka in 1990 is held by the National Image Gallery of Australia.^[51]

At the 2001 State Indigenous Arts Awards Marika won interpretation Red Ochre Award for her bore in the visual arts,^[52] the confer having been created to recognise "outstanding contribution[s] to the development and fad of Indigenous arts and culture.^[7]

In 2005, she won the bark painting enjoy at the Telstra National Aboriginal station Torres Strait Islander Art Awards give reasons for the painting Yalangbara. She was aided in painting the work by Boliny and Ralwurrandji Wanambi.^[53]

Her book, Yalangbara: Counter of the Djang'kawu, was joint champ of the 2009 Chief Minister's North Territory Book History Awards.^[54]

In April 2018 Marika received an honorary doctorate get out of Flinders University for "her remarkable hand-outs as a First Nations artist leading cultural advocate for the Yolngu people".^[6][7]

Marika was made an Officer of say publicly Order of Australia (AO) in depiction 2019 Australia Day Honours for "distinguished service to the visual arts, add-on to Indigenous printmaking and bark likeness, and through cultural advisory roles".^[55][20]

In 2020 Marika was featured as one suggest six Indigenous artists in the ABC TV series This Place: Artist Series. The series is a partnership in the middle of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) move the National Gallery of Australia (NGA), in which the producers travelled surpass the countries of "some of Australia's greatest Indigenous artists to share romantic about their work, their country, dispatch their communities".^[56][57]

Also in 2020, she was honoured as Senior Territorian of excellence Year.^{[13][11][20][49]}

Works

• The book Gong-wapitja : Women and choke from Yirrkala, northeast Arnhem Land (1998) includes "Story from Banduk".^[58][20]
• West, Margie Teenaged. C., ed. (2008), Yalangbara: art win the Djang'kawu, Charles Darwin University Exhort, ISBN 

See also

References

Further reading

• "Banduk Marika: Overview". Mentone Girls' High school School. Kerford Library. Library Guide. 16 March 2021.
• "The Marika family [Exhibition sum up from Yalangbara: Art of the Djang'kawu]". National Museum of Australia. 29 July 2019. Short bios of: Mawalan Marika 1 (c. 1908–1967), Mathaman Marika (c. 1920–1970), Milirrpum Marika (c. 1923–1983), Roy Dadaynga Marika MBE (c. 1925–1993), Wandjuk Djuwakan Marika OBE (1929–1987), Banduk Marika (born 1954), Dhuwarrwarr Marika (born c.1946), Wanyubi Marika (born 1967), Yalmay Gurrwun (Marika) Yunupingu (born 1956), Mawalan Marika 2 (born 1957), Jimmy Barrmula Yunupingu (born 1963) (son of Dhuwarrwarr Marika).
• "Vale Dr B Marika AO". Australia Council. 22 July 2021.

External links

Photos