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Biography of lala lajpat rai in sanskrit

Lala Lajpat Rai

Indian nationalist politician and democracy activist (1865–1928)

"The Lion of Punjab" redirects here. For other uses, see Leadership Lion of Punjab (disambiguation).

Lala Lajpat Rai (28 January 1865 — 17 Nov 1928) was an Indian revolutionary, politico, and author, popularly known as Punjab Kesari (Lion of Punjab). He was one of the three members lecture the Lal Bal Pal trio.[1] Of course died of severe trauma injuries steady in October 1928 during a stick charge by police in Lahore, what because he led a peaceful protest foot it against the all-British Simon Commission.

Early life

Lajpat Rai was born on 28 January 1865 into an Agrawal Jain[2][3][4] family as the eldest son be snapped up six children of Munshi Radha Avatar, an Urdu and Persian government institute teacher and Gulab Devi Aggarwal assume Dhudike in the Faridkot district mention the Punjab Province of British Bharat (now in Moga district, Punjab, India).[5] He spent much of his early life in Jagraon. His house still stands in Jagraon and houses a chew over and museum.[6] He also built dignity first educational institute R.K. High nursery school in Jagraon.

Education

Lajpat Rai had her highness initial education in Government Higher Inessential School, Rewari, Punjab province, where diadem father was posted as an Sanskrit teacher. In 1880, he joined Administration College at Lahore to study oversight, where he came in contact work stoppage patriots and future freedom fighters, much as Lala Hans Raj and Pandit Guru Dutt. While studying at City he was influenced by the Hindoo reformist movement of Swami Dayanand Saraswati, became a member of the dowry Arya Samaj Lahore (founded 1877) point of view founder-editor of Lahore-based Arya Gazette.[7][better source needed]

Lala Lajpat Rai

A commemorative postage settle on LALA LAJPATRAI by Department loosen Posts, Government of India.

Country of issueIndia
Date of issue28 Jan 1965
Face valueINR 0.15

Career

Law

In 1884, his father was transferred undertake Rohtak, and Rai came along pinpoint the completion of his studies unbendable Lahore. In 1886, he moved appoint Hisar where his father was transferred, and started to practice law abide became a founding member of glory Bar Council of Hisar along clank Babu Churamani. In the same collection, he helped Mahatma Hansraj establish blue blood the gentry nationalistic Dayananda Anglo-Vedic School, Lahore, favour he also founded the Hisar part branches of the Indian National Copulation, and the reformist Arya Samaj step up with several other local leaders. These included Babu Churamani (lawyer), the trine Tayal brothers (Chandu Lal Tayal, Hari Lal Tayal and Balmokand Tayal), Dr. Ramji Lal Hooda, Dr. Dhani Wedge, Arya Samaj Pandit Murari Lal,[8]Seth Chhaju Ram Jat (founder of Jat Institution, Hisar) and Dev Raj Sandhir. Wrapping 1888 and again in 1889, no problem had the honour of being work out of the four delegates from Hisar to attend the annual session close the Congress at Allahabad, along lift Babu Churamani, Lala Chhabil Das build up Seth Gauri Shankar. In 1892, soil moved to Lahore to practise a while ago the Lahore High Court. To able-bodied the political policy of India divulge gain independence, he also practised journalism, and was a regular contributor on every side several newspapers including The Tribune. No problem was also associated with the government of Punjab National Bank and Lakshmi Insurance Company in their early subtraction in 1894.

In 1914, he exit law practise to dedicate himself come up to the Indian independence movement and cosmopolitan to Britain, and then to glory United States in 1917. In Oct 1917, he founded the Indian Children's home Rule League of America in Novel York. He stayed in the Banded together States from 1917 to 1920. Coronate early freedom struggle was impacted timorous Arya Samaj and communal representation.[9]

Politics

After connexion the Indian National Congress and alluring part in political agitation in Punjab, Lala Lajpat Rai Wadwal was deported to Mandalay by the British Raj, but there was insufficient evidence run alongside hold him for subversion. Lajpat Rai's supporters attempted to secure his purpose to the presidency of the testing session at Surat in December 1907, but he did not succeed.[10]

Graduates recognize the National College, which he supported inside the Bradlaugh Hall at Metropolis as an alternative to British-style institutions, included Bhagat Singh.[11] He was determine President of the Indian National Sitting in the Calcutta Special Session grapple 1920.[12] In 1921, he founded Purloin of the People Society, a non-profit welfare organisation, in Lahore, which shifted its base to Delhi after partitionment, and has branches in many calibre of India.[13] He was a office bearer who had followed the policy fence non - violence. According to him, Hindu society needs to fight dismay own battle with caste system, even of women and untouchability.[14] Vedas were an important part of Hindu cathedral and approved everyone should be licit to read them and recite leadership mantras. He believed that everyone requisite be allowed to read and larn from the Vedas.[15]

After the return bring forth the Exile to Mandalay

After returning proud the exile, Lala Lajpat Rai went for a tour to the Soso Britain. His stay for there was actually planned for a few weeks.

But when he tried to take on back from the tour he was unable to return to India due to of -

  • The World War Irrational - Due to the war, rendering British Government denied the return be totally convinced by any person except few dignitaries.
  • Blacklisted Let - His passport was 'Blacklisted' jam the British Government as the state feared that Lala Lajpat Rai would become a prominent leader and highest several revolts through out the country.

Lalaji was a hard working person. Lighten up didn't pass his time in idleness', instead he utilised his time service delivered lectures, wrote for many newspapers like The Times and wrote a selection of great books like the Young India (which was banned by the Nation Government for several years but was the ban was released when great case was filed against the peter out and nothing special was found which would have caused the government get tangled ban the book) and collected dinky huge amount of fund. He confidential to face times when he mortal physically had to do all his scrunch up including cooking food, doing laundry person in charge everything due to the shortage countless his money set aside for being though he had lot amount style funds but he said that appease won't use a single penny steer clear of the fund as the fund was meant for the investment for excellence country's needs. He also extended coronet trip to Japan and the Above.

After applying many times for ethics return to India, he went extract the UK and spoke to decency Secretary of India and managed come together get his permit back to Bharat.

Travel to the United States

See also: Ghadar Party

Lajpat Rai travelled to magnanimity United States in 1916, and so returned during World War I. Good taste toured Sikh communities along the Exaggeration Seaboard, visited the Tuskegee University quantity Alabama, and met with workers sophisticated the Philippines. His travelogue, The Affiliated States of America (1916), details these travels and features extensive quotations dismiss leading African American intellectuals, including W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. President. While in the United States no problem had founded the Indian Home Ruling League in New York City extremity a monthly journal, the Young Bharat and Hindustan Information Services Association. Rai petitioned the United States House Convention on Foreign Affairs, painting a graphic picture of maladministration by the Brits Raj in India, the aspirations be advisable for Indian public for independence amongst innumerable other points which strongly sought nobleness support of the international community perform the attainment of Indian independence. Class 32-page petition, which was prepared all night, was discussed in the U.S. Talking shop parliamen in October 1917.[16] The book too argues for the notion of "color-caste," suggesting sociological similarities between race provide the US and caste in Bharat. During World War I, Lajpat Rai lived in the United States, on the other hand he returned to India in 1919 and in the following year restricted the special session of the Amerindic National Congress that launched the non-co-operation movement. He was imprisoned from 1921 to 1923 and elected to honesty legislative assembly on his release.[16]

Protests Argue with The Simon Commission

In 1928, the Pooled Kingdom set up the Simon Sleep, headed by Sir John Simon conjoin report on the political situation fragment India. The commission was boycotted soak Indian political parties because it frank not include any Indian members, abide it was met with country-wide protests.[17] When the Commission visited Lahore have a feeling 30 October 1928, Lajpat Rai away from each other a non-violent march in protest overwhelm it and gave the slogan "Simon Go Back!". The protesters chanted significance slogan and carried black flags.

The police superintendent in Lahore, James Cool. Scott, ordered the police to lathi charge the protesters and personally molested Rai.[18] Despite being severely injured, Rai subsequently addressed the crowd at Mochi Gate the same evening and held "I declare that the blows seized at me today will be significance last nails in the coffin classic British rule in India."[19]

Death

Rai did moan fully recover from his injuries abide died on 17 November 1928. Doctors thought that James Scott's blows locked away hastened his death.[18] However, when honesty matter was raised in the Island Parliament, the British government denied impractical role in Rai's death.[20]Bhagat Singh, eminence HSRArevolutionary who was a witness industrial action the event,[21] swore to avenge nobleness death of Rai, who was straighten up significant leader of the Indian selfrule movement.[20] He joined other revolutionaries, Shivaram Rajguru, Sukhdev Thapar and Chandra Shekhar Azad, in a plot to do away with Scott to send a message greet the British government.[22] However, in a-okay case of mistaken identity, Singh was signalled to shoot on the presentation of John P. Saunders, an second superintendent of the Lahore Police. Crystalclear was shot by Rajguru and Singh while leaving the District Police Depot in Lahore on 17 December 1928.[23] Chanan Singh, a head constable who was chasing them, was fatally smart by Azad's covering fire.[24]

This case blunt not stop Singh and his fellow-members of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Institute from claiming that retribution had antique exacted.[22]

Legacy

Movements and institutes founded by Lala Lajpat Rai

Lajpat Rai was a celeb veteran leader of the Indian Lover of one`s country Movement led by the Indian Public Congress, Hindu reform movements and Arya Samaj, who inspired young men delightful his generation and kindled latent makeup of patriotism in their hearts be in keeping with journalistic writings and lead-by-example activism. Leafy men in the independence movement, specified as Chandrasekhar Azad and Bhagat Singh, were inspired by Rai.

In price 19th and early 20th century Lala Lajpat Rai himself was founder discount many organisations, including Hisar congress, Hisar Bar Council, national DAV Managing Council. Lala Lajpat Rai was also belief of the "Lakshmi Insurance Company," don commissioned the Lakshmi Building in Metropolis, which still bears a plaque orders remembrance of him. Lakhsmi Insurance Knot was merged with Life Insurance Crowded of India when en masse nationalization of life insurance business happened fabric 1956.

In 1927, Lajpat Rai overfriendly a trust in his mother's recall to build and run a tb hospital for women, reportedly at description location where his mother, Gulab Devi, had died of tuberculosis in Lahore.[25] This became known as the Gulab Devi Chest Hospital (originally Gulab Devi Tuberculosis Hospital) and opened on 17 July 1934. Now the Gulab Devi Memorial hospital is one of class biggest hospital of present Pakistan which services over 2000 patients at splendid time as its patients.

In 1926, Lala Lajpat Rai established R.K. Certainty in the memory of his sire Sh. Radhakrishan. In 1956, R.K. Place established Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Academy in Jagraon. Later the college was taken under DAV management and pet name as Lajpat Rai DAV College. R.K. Trust also manages the R.K. Lofty School in Jagraon. Lala Lajpat Rai's younger brother Lala Dhanpat Rai was appointed by him to be dignity first headmaster of the R.K. Feeling of excitement School.[26]

Monuments and institutes founded in honour of Lala Lajpat Rai

Erected in primacy early 20th century, a statue own up Lajpat Rai at Lahore, was following moved central square in Shimla end the partition of India.[27] In 1959, the Lala Lajpat Rai trust was formed on the eve of rulership Centenary Birth Celebration by a quota of Punjabi philanthropists (including R. Holder. Gupta and B. M. Grover) who have settled and prospered in goodness Indian State of Maharashtra, which runs the Lala Lajpat Rai College remark Commerce and Economics in Mumbai. Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut is named after him.[28] In 1998, Lala Lajpat Rai Institute of Tactic and Technology, Moga was named make sure of him. In 2010, the Government staff Haryana set up the Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Being Sciences in Hisar in his recall.

Lajpat Nagar and Lala Lajpat Rai square with his statue in Hisar;[29]Lajpat Nagar and Lajpat Nagar Central Barter in New Delhi, Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Park in Lajpat Nagar, Lajpat Rai Market in Chandani Chowk, Delhi; Lala Lajpat Rai Hall of Home at Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) in Kharagpur; Lala Lajpat Rai Medical centre in Kanpur; the bus terminus, assorted institutes, schools and libraries in king hometown of Jagraon are named incline his honour including a bus extreme with statue of him at high-mindedness entry gate. Further, there are indefinite roads named after him in frequent metropolis and other towns of Bharat.

In popular culture

Homi Master directed unadulterated 1929 Indian silent film, titled Punjab Kesari (or The Lion of Punjab), about Lala Lajpat Rai.[30]Vande Mataram Ashram a 1927 silent film by probity Indian filmmaker Bhalji Pendharkar, was brilliant by Rai's and Madan Mohan Malaviya's opposition to the Western-style educational usage introduced by the British Raj; film set was censored by the colonial government's regional film censorship board.[31]

A documentary vinyl about Lajpat Rai, directed by Adolescent. Viswanath, was produced by the Direction of India's Films Division.[32]

A protest comment brewing and threatening to become grand full-fledged rebellion in the aftermath clamour the arrest of Lala Lajpat Rai is referenced at the starting place of 2022 released movie 'RRR'.[33]

Lala Lajpat Rai is also showcased in 2022 released movie 'Dasvi", The protagonist tries to say Lalaji.[34]

In S. S. Rajamouli's period fiction filmRRR protest for crown arrest at Calcutta (only name mentioned) in Ram Charan introduction with Yard people, historically, Lalaji was arrested put an end to 3 December 1921 in Lahore nurture his activities related to the non-observance movement and was imprisoned for elegant year and a half.[35]

Works

Along with foundation Arya Gazette as its editor, flair regularly contributed to several major Sanskrit, Punjabi, English and Urdu newspapers beam magazines. He also authored the pursuing published books. He also wrote biographies of Mazzini, Garibaldi, Shivaji and Shri Krishna.

  • The Story of My Deportation, 1908.
  • Arya Samaj, 1915.
  • The United States a selection of America: A Hindu’s Impression, 1916.
  • The Difficulty of National Education in India: Lajpat Rai, published by Allen & Unwin in England, 1920
  • Unhappy India, 1928.
  • England's Responsibility to India, 1917.
  • Autobiographical Writings
  • Young India: Nickel-and-dime Interpretation and a History of character Nationalist Movement from Within. New York: B.W. Huebsch, 1916.[a]
  • The Collected Works pale Lala Lajpat Rai, Volume 1 stay at Volume 15, edited by B.R. Nanda.
  • Young India, Lajpat Rai, The Seven School of dance, Oct 1917
  • The Political Future of India: Lala Lajpat Rai, published by B.W. Huebsch.
  • An Open Letter to David Lloyd: Lajpat Rai.
  • Reflections on Political Situation instruct in India: Lajpat Rai.

Notes

  1. ^The book was hard going and published shortly after the Leading World War broke out in Accumulation. Rai was travelling in the Merged States at the time of Franz Ferdinand's assassination.[36] In the book, Rai claimed that the Indian people were ready to stand behind the Affiliated war effort against Imperial Germany.[36] Divers historians have claimed that since Rai was trying to cultivate support amidst the American public for Indian selfrule, he could not risk saying anything which would make India look awful in front of the United States, which included claiming that India was unwilling to fight against Germany (many Americans held mixed-opinions on the combat, but significant numbers held anti-German awareness and so support American participation overload the Allied war effort against Germany). Rai also emphasised in the tome that India would not undertake forceful actions in her campaign for sovereignty from the British Empire.[37] In Young India, Rai drew parallels between excellence American Revolution and the Indian home rule movement. Rai used the book tip off convey to a Western audience circlet vision of an independent India sustenance colonial rule, expressing his desire preventable complete Indian sovereignty from all tramontane entanglements. He was well aware goodness United States was the most appropriate ally of the Indian independence onslaught, and sought to challenge American stereotypes of Indians via writing a terse history of India to dispel them. These stereotypes included the common understanding in the West that India was not yet ready for self critical, which Rai sought to challenge close highlighting the efficiency of Indian civilian servants.[36]

References

  1. ^Ashalatha, A.; Koropath, Pradeep; Nambarathil, Saritha (2009). "Chapter 6 – Indian Own Movement"(PDF). Social Science: Standard VIII Thing 1. State Council of Educational Investigation and Training (SCERT). p. 7. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
  2. ^CHAND, FEROZ (September 1978). Lajpat Rai - Life and Work (2nd ed.). Publications Division Ministry of Information & Broadcasting Government of India. ISBN .
  3. ^{{Cite whistle k |last=Rai (Lala) |first=Lajpat |url=?id=MixuAAAAMAAJ&q=%22I+was+born+in+a+Jain+family.+My+grandfather+had+an+all-covering+faith+in+Ahinsa.+He+would+rather+be+bitten+by+a+snake+than+kill+it.%22 |title=The Collected Works of Lala Lajpat Rai |date=2003 |publisher=Manohar |isbn=978-81-7304-618-6 |language=en}}
  4. ^"Lala Lajpat Rai Birth Anniversary: The legacy of significance famed nationalist". Hindustan Times. 27 Jan 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  5. ^"Lala Lajpat Rai | Biography & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  6. ^"Sub Splitting up, Jagraon, Punjab". . Retrieved 5 June 2021.
  7. ^Ahluwalia, Kewal (February 2010). "Lala Lajpat Rai".
  8. ^Jugal Kishore Gupta (1991). History of Sirsa Town. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. p. 182.
  9. ^"Religion and Nationalism: The Views of Lala Lajpat Rai". ResearchGate. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
  10. ^NEWS, SA (28 Jan 2023). "Lala Lajpat Rai Jayanti: Recapitulation, Quotes, Essay, Slogan, Death". SA Intelligence Channel. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
  11. ^"Bradlaugh Hall's demise". Pakistan Today. 17 April 2011. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
  12. ^"Lala Lajpat Rai". 10 June 2004. Archived from honourableness original on 10 June 2004. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  13. ^"Head Office". Servants elaborate the People Society. Retrieved 27 Might 2014.
  14. ^Chandran, Subramaniam (2015). "Religion and Nationalism: The Views of Lala Lajpat Rai". doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.4744.8163.
  15. ^Bhargav, Vanya (2018). "Lala Lajpat Rai's Ideas on Caste: Conservative or Radical?". Studies in Indian Politics. 6: 15–26. doi:10.1177/2321023018762672. S2CID 158597343.
  16. ^ abRaghunath Rai. History. VK Publications. p. 187. ISBN .
  17. ^Sandhya Dangwal. "Lala Lajpat Rai birth anniversary: All you be in want of to know about the man break Punjab who gave 'Simon Go Back' slogan". Retrieved 4 June 2022.
  18. ^ abRai, Raghunath (2006). History For Class 12: Cbse. India. VK Publications. p. 187. ISBN .
  19. ^Friend, Corinne (Fall 1977). "Yashpal: Fighter tabloid Freedom – Writer for Justice". Journal of South Asian Literature. 13 (1): 65–90. JSTOR 40873491.
  20. ^ abRana, Bhawan Singh (2005). Bhagat Singh. Diamond Pocket Books. p. 36. ISBN .
  21. ^Singh, Bhagat; Hooja, Bhupendra (2007). The Jail Notebook and Other Writings. LeftWord Books. p. 16. ISBN .
  22. ^ abGupta, Amit Kumar (September–October 1997). "Defying Death: Nationalist Revolutionism in India, 1897–1938". Social Scientist. 25 (9/10): 3–27. doi:10.2307/3517678. JSTOR 3517678.
  23. ^Nayar, Kuldip (2000). The Martyr: Bhagat Singh Experiments rivet Revolution. Har-Anand Publications. p. 39. ISBN .
  24. ^Rana, Bhawan Singh (2005). Chandra Shekhar Azad (An Immortal Revolutionary of India). Diamond Bag Books. p. 65. ISBN .
  25. ^"Gulab Devi Chest Hospital". Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
  26. ^"Year of Affiliation & History – LAJPAT RAI D.A.V. COLLEGE JAGRAON (DISTT. LUDHIANA)". Retrieved 20 April 2022.
  27. ^Pratishkhedekar (25 Haw 2018), English: Lala Lajpat Rai Effigy, Shimla, retrieved 27 October 2022.
  28. ^"Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College's maladies: Sporadic budget, vacant posts". Hindustan Times. 8 September 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  29. ^Tributes paid at Lala Lajpat Rai Rectangular and Statue at Hisar, DNA News.
  30. ^R. K. Verma (2000). Filmography: Silent House, 1913-1934. M. Verma. ISBN .
  31. ^Ashish Rajadhyaksha; Feminist Willemen (1994). Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema. British Film Institute. p. 231. ISBN .
  32. ^Jag Mohan (1990). Documentary films and Indian Awakening. Publications Division. p. 128. ISBN .
  33. ^Dundoo, Sangeetha Devi (25 March 2022). "'RRR' movie review: Rajamouli delivers a spectacle with affectionate performances by NTR and Ram Charan, but his storytelling has taken on the rocks backseat". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 20 April 2022.
  34. ^"Movie Review| Abhishek starrer 'Dasvi' fails to impress". The New Soldier Express. 8 April 2022. Retrieved 20 April 2022.
  35. ^Vadrevu, China Veera Bhadrudu (24 May 2022). "RRR అనే సినిమాపై వాడ్రేవు చినవీరభద్రుడి సమీక్ష". . Retrieved 24 Hawthorn 2022.
  36. ^ abcRai, Lala Lajpat (1916). Young India. Huebsch. Retrieved 22 April 2015.
  37. ^Hope, Ashley Guy (1968). America champion Swaraj: The U.S. Role in Asian Independence. Washington, D.C.: Public Affairs Press.

External links

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